https://iaiai.org/letters/index.php/lbds <p>IIAI Letters on Business and Decision Science (LBDS) is one of IIAI's <span lang="EN-US"> as open conference publication series. LBDS </span>shares the latest theories and applications in the field of research based on scientific approaches to business and decision making, as well as new insights into their application to society. LBDS includes research on organizational management and business administration based on theoretical and quantitative methods, information systems of organizations studied in the field of business informatics, theoretical research and implementation of economic transactions discussed in the field of information science, and decision science of people and organizations based on psychological approaches. The articles published in LBDS cover the most recent theories and applications of business and decision science.</p> <p> </p> <p>ISSN: 2185-9930 (electronic), Established on 2022, Open Access</p> en-US iiai-jm@iaiai.org (Tokuro Matsuo) iiai-jm@iaiai.org (Shinnosuke Saito) Wed, 28 Jan 2026 13:34:20 +0000 OJS 3.3.0.11 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 https://iaiai.org/letters/index.php/lbds/article/view/492 <p>Latent structure of entrepreneurial characteristics in Japan by integrating internal factors (mindset/skillset) and external factors that constitute the entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE). Building on a qualitative model (EC model), we fielded a June 2025 survey of entrepreneurs (n=604) and conducted exploratory factor analyses (ML extraction, Promax rotation) for the full sample and subgroups by employee size (1–5 vs. ≥6) and annual revenue (&lt;¥50M vs. ≥¥50M). To enable cross-group comparability, dimensionality was fixed at five, guided by free-exploration criteria. Item adoption primarily used |loading|≥.40 with theory-guided handling of cross-loadings. Results indicate label-level reproducibility of Public Support and Innovation Execution, but limited item-level overlap, and a con-text-dependent factor (F3) whose composition shifts with scale. Congruence with the full solution is high for the employee split (e.g., φ≈.998; .976) but weaker for the lower-revenue group, while reliability generally exceeds practical thresholds. These findings imply that interventions should combine a minimal common core with stage-specific modules, and that factor comparisons should be anchored to labels rather than numbers. We outline a path toward multigroup CFA for measurement invariance and structural equation modeling to test mediation and moderation, moving from uniform, average-case policies to scale-appropriate design. Implications for policy and practice follow.</p> Katsuki Yasuoka, Takaaki Hosoda, Kiyomi Miyoshi , Tokuro Matsuo, Qiang Ma Copyright (c) 2026 IIAI Letters on Business and Decision Science https://iaiai.org/letters/index.php/lbds/article/view/492 Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000